A.from above, down from above, “δεινὸν δὲ λόφος κ. ἔνευεν” Il.3.337, cf. 22.196, Od.12.442, etc.; “κ. μελαθρόφιν” 8.279; “ἐκ μὲν τοῦ πεδίου . . , κ. δέ . . ” Th.5.59, cf.IG12.398: c. gen., “πυρός” Nic.Th.691.
2. atop, above, opp. ὑπένερθε, Od.10.353; κ. ἐπιρρέει floats atop, Il.2.754; “κ. τῶν ὅπλων τοῦ τόνου” Hdt.7.36; of geographical position, “Λέσβος ἄνω . . , καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε” Il.24.545: c. gen., καθύπερθε Χίοιο above, i.e. north of, Chios, Od.3.170: in Prose, “Κέρκιος κατύπερθε” SIG1.3 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.); ἡ Χώρη ἡ κ. Hdt.4.8; “ἡ κ. ὁδός” Id.1.104, etc.; τὰ κ. the upper country, i.e. farther inland, “τὰ κ. τῆς λίμνης” Id.2.5; τὰ κ. τῆς θηριώδεος ib.32; “τοῖσι κ. Ἀσσυρίων οἰκημένοισι” Id.1.194.
3. above, having the upper hand of, κ. γενέσθαι τινός, prop., of a wrestler who falls atop of his opponent, ib.67, 8.60.“γ́; κ. Χερὶ πλούτῳ τε τῶν ἐχθρῶν” S.El.l.c. (lyr.); also, of affairs, “ἐλογίζετο . . κ. οἱ τὰ πρήγματα ἔσεσθαι τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν” Hdt.8.136; “κακοὶ δ᾽ ἀγαθῶν καθύπερθεν” Thgn.679; μόχθου κ. superior to misery, unconquered by it, Pi.P.9.31; also “κ. ἤ . . ” Hdt.8.75.
II. of Time, before, c. gen., Id.5.28.